DBMS > LMDB vs. OrientDB vs. RDF4J vs. Snowflake vs. TerminusDB

System Properties Comparison LMDB vs. OrientDB vs. RDF4J vs. Snowflake vs. TerminusDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database library

Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

Scalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships

Primary database model

Key-value store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store

RDF store

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
RDF store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.99
Rank	#125	Overall
	#21	Key-value stores

Score	3.19
Rank	#93	Overall
	#16	Document stores
	#7	Graph DBMS
	#14	Key-value stores

Score	0.69
Rank	#230	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	121.33
Rank	#9	Overall
	#6	Relational DBMS

Score	0.17
Rank	#325	Overall
	#29	Graph DBMS

Website

www.symas.com/symas-embedded-database-lmdb

Technical documentation

www.lmdb.tech/doc

www.orientdb.com/docs/last/index.html

rdf4j.org/documentation

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

terminusdb.github.io/terminusdb/#

Developer

Symas

OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Snowflake Computing Inc.

DataChemist Ltd.

Initial release

2011

2010

2004

2014

2018

Current release

0.9.32, January 2024

3.2.29, March 2024

11.0.0, January 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

commercial

Open Source

GPL V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Prolog, Rust

Server operating systems

Linux
Unix
Windows

All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

hosted

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

Schema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language, no joins

yes

SQL-like query language (WOQL)

APIs and other access methods

Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl

.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Java
PHP
Python

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

JavaScript
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java, Javascript

yes

user defined functions

yes

Triggers

Hooks

yes

similar concept for controling cloud resources

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

yes

Graph Partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Multi-source replication

none

yes

Journaling Streams

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

could be achieved with distributed queries

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationship in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

in-memory journaling

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

Role-based access control

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