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DBMS > LMDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. RDFox vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison LMDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. RDFox vs. Virtuoso

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLMDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonRDFox  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database libraryElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerHigh performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engineVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.09
Rank#121  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#300  Overall
#24  Graph DBMS
#13  RDF stores
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitewww.symas.com/­symas-embedded-database-lmdbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.oxfordsemantic.techvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationwww.lmdb.tech/­docdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsdocs.oxfordsemantic.techdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperSymasMicrosoftOxford Semantic TechnologiesOpenLink Software
Initial release2011201620171998
Current release0.9.32, January 20246.0, Septermber 20227.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCC++C++C
Server operating systemsLinux
Unix
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyes infoRDF schemasyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesnoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl
C#
Java
PHP
C
Java
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQLyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding, horizontal partitioningyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyesreplication via a shared file systemChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setupsImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoyesRoles, resources, and access typesFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
LMDBMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseRDFoxVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
LMDBMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseRDFoxVirtuoso
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