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DBMS > LevelDB vs. LMDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Oracle Rdb

System Properties Comparison LevelDB vs. LMDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Oracle Rdb

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonLMDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Rdb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesA high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database libraryFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelKey-value storeKey-value storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score2.09
Rank#121  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score1.14
Rank#178  Overall
#80  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­google/­leveldbwww.symas.com/­symas-embedded-database-lmdbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb.html
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdwww.lmdb.tech/­docdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­rdb-doc.html
DeveloperGoogleSymasMicrosoftOracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)
Initial release2011201120191984
Current release1.23, February 20210.9.32, January 2024cloud service with continuous releases7.4.1.1, 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSDOpen Sourcecommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C
Server operating systemsIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Unix
Windows
hostedHP Open VMS
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesnonoall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes
APIs and other access methodsMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersnonoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnonenoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoyes, on a single node
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlnonoAzure Active Directory Authentication

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LevelDBLMDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerOracle Rdb
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