DB-EnginesExtremeDB for everyone with an RTOSEnglish
Deutsch
Knowledge Base of Relational and NoSQL Database Management Systemsprovided by solid IT

DBMS > Kingbase vs. SpatiaLite vs. Titan vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Kingbase vs. SpatiaLite vs. Titan vs. Virtuoso

Please select another system to include it in the comparison.

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameKingbase  Xexclude from comparisonSpatiaLite  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionAn enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with PostgreSQL and Oracle and widely used in China.Spatial extension of SQLiteTitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.Virtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSSpatial DBMSGraph DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.50
Rank#257  Overall
#119  Relational DBMS
Score1.63
Rank#146  Overall
#3  Spatial DBMS
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitewww.kingbase.com.cnwww.gaia-gis.it/­fossil/­libspatialite/­indexgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titanvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationwww.gaia-gis.it/­gaia-sins/­spatialite_topics.htmlgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wikidocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperBeiJing KINGBASE Information technologies inc.Alessandro FurieriAurelius, owned by DataStaxOpenLink Software
Initial release1999200820121998
Current releaseV8.0, August 20215.0.0, August 20207.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoMPL 1.1, GPL v2.0 or LGPL v2.1Open Source infoApache license, version 2.0Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC and JavaC++JavaC
Server operating systemsLinux
Windows
server-lessLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLStandard with numerous extensionsyesnoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
gokb
JDBC
kdbndp
ODBC
PDI
PDO
Pro*C
psycopg2
QT
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Clojure
Java
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsnoyesyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningnoneyes infovia pluggable storage backendsyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesnoneyesChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engineyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyes infoRelationships in graphyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcastyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph ServerFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
KingbaseSpatiaLiteTitanVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
KingbaseSpatiaLiteTitanVirtuoso
DB-Engines blog posts

Spatial database management systems
6 April 2021, Matthias Gelbmann

show all

Graph DBMS increased their popularity by 500% within the last 2 years
3 March 2015, Paul Andlinger

Graph DBMSs are gaining in popularity faster than any other database category
21 January 2014, Matthias Gelbmann

show all

Recent citations in the news

Made in China 2025 is back, with a new name and a focus on database companies – The China Project
19 December 2022, The China Project

Opening preparation - Alekhine defense, Saemisch variation
18 April 2016, Chess.com

Backup & Recovery Solutions from China
4 August 2022, Хабр

Distributed Database Market 2023 Trends with Analysis on Key Players Tencent, OceanBase, PingCAP
8 May 2024, Motions Online

provided by Google News

Titan Graph Database Integration with DynamoDB: World-class Performance, Availability, and Scale for New Workloads
20 August 2015, All Things Distributed

Amazon DynamoDB Storage Backend for Titan: Distributed Graph Database | Amazon Web Services
24 August 2015, AWS Blog

JanusGraph Picks Up Where TitanDB Left Off
13 January 2017, Datanami

DSE Graph review: Graph database does double duty
14 November 2019, InfoWorld

Database Deep Dives: JanusGraph
8 August 2019, IBM

provided by Google News



Share this page

Featured Products

Neo4j logo

See for yourself how a graph database can make your life easier.
Use Neo4j online for free.

Milvus logo

Vector database designed for GenAI, fully equipped for enterprise implementation.
Try Managed Milvus for Free

Datastax Astra logo

Bring all your data to Generative AI applications with vector search enabled by the most scalable
vector database available.
Try for Free

Present your product here