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DBMS > Kingbase vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PostGIS vs. Spark SQL vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison Kingbase vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PostGIS vs. Spark SQL vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameKingbase  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonPostGIS  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionAn enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with PostgreSQL and Oracle and widely used in China.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformSpatial extension of PostgreSQLSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingTransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedSpatial DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.50
Rank#257  Overall
#119  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score21.72
Rank#29  Overall
#1  Spatial DBMS
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.kingbase.com.cnazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerpostgis.netspark.apache.org/­sqltrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerpostgis.net/­documentationspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmltrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
DeveloperBeiJing KINGBASE Information technologies inc.MicrosoftApache Software FoundationApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release19992019200520142014
Current releaseV8.0, August 2021cloud service with continuous releases3.4.2, February 20243.5.0 ( 2.13), September 20232.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPL v2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC and JavaCScalaC++, Java
Server operating systemsLinux
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesyesnono
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLStandard with numerous extensionsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
gokb
JDBC
kdbndp
ODBC
PDI
PDO
Pro*C
psycopg2
QT
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Java
Python
R
Scala
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functionsnoJava Stored Procedures
Triggersyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes infobased on PostgreSQLyes, utilizing Spark CoreSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes infobased on PostgreSQLnoneyes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknoyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authenticationyes infobased on PostgreSQLnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
KingbaseMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerPostGISSpark SQLTrafodion
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