DBMS > Kingbase vs. Lovefield vs. Snowflake vs. Stardog vs. Transwarp KunDB

System Properties Comparison Kingbase vs. Lovefield vs. Snowflake vs. Stardog vs. Transwarp KunDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with PostgreSQL and Oracle and widely used in China.

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

OLTP DBMS based on a distributed architecture and highly compatible with MySQL and Oracle

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.44
Rank	#258	Overall
	#117	Relational DBMS

Score	0.22
Rank	#306	Overall
	#138	Relational DBMS

Score	133.72
Rank	#7	Overall
	#5	Relational DBMS

Score	1.93
Rank	#121	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Score	0.04
Rank	#362	Overall
	#154	Relational DBMS

Website

www.kingbase.com.cn

google.github.io/lovefield

www.snowflake.com

www.stardog.com

www.transwarp.cn/en/product/kundb

Technical documentation

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

docs.stardog.com

Developer

BeiJing KINGBASE Information technologies inc.

Google

Snowflake Computing Inc.

Stardog-Union

Transwarp

Initial release

1999

2014

2010

Current release

V8.0, August 2021

2.1.12, February 2017

7.3.0, May 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C and Java

JavaScript

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

hosted

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

Standard with numerous extensions

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

yes

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

yes

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
gokb
JDBC
kdbndp
ODBC
PDI
PDO
Pro*C
psycopg2
QT

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python

JavaScript

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

yes

Triggers

yes

Using read-only observers

similar concept for controling cloud resources

yes

via event handlers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioning

none

yes

none

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

none

yes

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using MemoryDB

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

Access rights for users and roles

yes

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