DBMS > Kingbase vs. Linter vs. PostgreSQL vs. Stardog vs. TigerGraph

System Properties Comparison Kingbase vs. Linter vs. PostgreSQL vs. Stardog vs. TigerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with PostgreSQL and Oracle and widely used in China.

RDBMS for high security requirements

Widely used open source RDBMS

Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

A complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

with pgvector extension

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.50
Rank	#257	Overall
	#119	Relational DBMS

Score	0.12
Rank	#350	Overall
	#152	Relational DBMS

Score	636.25
Rank	#4	Overall
	#4	Relational DBMS

Score	2.07
Rank	#122	Overall
	#11	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Score	1.80
Rank	#138	Overall
	#13	Graph DBMS

Website

Technical documentation

www.postgresql.org/docs

docs.stardog.com

docs.tigergraph.com

Developer

BeiJing KINGBASE Information technologies inc.

relex.ru

PostgreSQL Global Development Group

www.postgresql.org/developer

Stardog-Union

Initial release

1999

1990

1989

1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL

2010

2017

Current release

V8.0, August 2021

16.3, May 2024

7.3.0, May 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

BSD

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

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Implementation language

C and Java

C and C++

Java

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
Windows

AIX
Android
BSD
HP Open VMS
iOS
Linux
OS X
VxWorks
Windows

FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

SQL

Support of SQL

Standard with numerous extensions

yes

standard with numerous extensions

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

SQL-like query language (GSQL)

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
gokb
JDBC
kdbndp
ODBC
PDI
PDO
Pro*C
psycopg2
QT

ADO.NET
JDBC
LINQ
ODBC
OLE DB
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python

C
C#
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Ruby
Tcl

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java

JDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

yes

proprietary syntax with the possibility to convert from PL/SQL

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

yes

Triggers

yes

via event handlers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioning

none

partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

Role-based access control

More information provided by the system vendor

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Related products and services

3rd parties

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