DBMS > Ingres vs. Riak KV vs. Spark SQL vs. Tarantool vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison Ingres vs. Riak KV vs. Spark SQL vs. Tarantool vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Well established RDBMS

Distributed, fault tolerant key-value store

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

In-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applications

Transactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

with links between data sets and object tags for the creation of secondary indexes

Relational DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

with Tarantool/GIS extension

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.80
Rank	#82	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	4.01
Rank	#79	Overall
	#9	Key-value stores

Score	18.04
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Score	1.67
Rank	#143	Overall
	#25	Document stores
	#25	Key-value stores
	#65	Relational DBMS

Website

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

spark.apache.org/sql

www.tarantool.io

trafodion.apache.org

Technical documentation

docs.actian.com/ingres

www.tiot.jp/riak-docs/riak/kv/latest

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

www.tarantool.io/en/doc

trafodion.apache.org/documentation.html

Developer

Actian Corporation

OpenSource, formerly Basho Technologies

Apache Software Foundation

Apache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP

Initial release

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

2009

2014

2008

2014

Current release

11.2, May 2022

3.2.0, December 2022

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

2.10.0, May 2022

2.3.0, February 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache version 2, commercial enterprise edition

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

BSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool Enterprise

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Erlang

Scala

C and C++

C++, Java

Server operating systems

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Linux
OS X

Linux
OS X
Windows

BSD
Linux
macOS

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Flexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columns

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetime

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

Full-featured ANSI SQL support

yes

APIs and other access methods

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

HTTP API
Native Erlang Interface

JDBC
ODBC

Open binary protocol

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

unofficial client library
C#
C++

unofficial client library
Clojure

unofficial client library
Dart

unofficial client library
Erlang
Go

unofficial client library
Groovy

unofficial client library
Haskell

unofficial client library
Java
JavaScript

unofficial client library
Lisp

unofficial client library
Perl

unofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

unofficial client library
Smalltalk

unofficial client library

Java
Python
R
Scala

C
C#
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Rust

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Erlang

Lua, C and SQL stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures

Triggers

yes

pre-commit hooks and post-commit hooks

yes, before/after data modification events, on replication events, client session events

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

yes, utilizing Spark Core

Sharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime.

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Ingres Replicator

selectable replication factor

none

Asynchronous replication with multi-master option
Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star)
Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft)

yes, via HBase

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via user defined functions and HBase

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Casual consistency across sharding partitions
Eventual consistency within replicaset partition

when using asyncronous replication
Immediate Consistency within single instance
Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition

when using Raft

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

links between data sets can be stored

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactions

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

yes, cooperative multitasking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, write ahead logging

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistence

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes, using Riak Security

Access Control Lists
Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise
Password based authentication
Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise
Users and Roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

Data processing speed and reliability: in-memory synchronous replication
9 November 2021, Vladimir Perepelytsya, Tarantool (sponsor)

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