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DBMS > Ingres vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Spark SQL vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison Ingres vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Spark SQL vs. Trafodion

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameIngres  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionWell established RDBMSWidely used in-process key-value storeSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingTransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.11
Rank#81  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.actian.com/­databases/­ingreswww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlspark.apache.org/­sqltrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationdocs.actian.com/­ingresdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmlspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmltrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
DeveloperActian CorporationOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OracleApache Software FoundationApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release1974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s199420142014
Current release11.2, May 202218.1.40, May 20203.5.0 ( 2.13), September 20232.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infocommercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)ScalaC++, Java
Server operating systemsAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionnono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes
APIs and other access methods.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Java
Python
R
Scala
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonoJava Stored Procedures
Triggersyesyes infoonly for the SQL APInono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslynoneyes, utilizing Spark CoreSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesIngres ReplicatorSource-replica replicationnoneyes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoMVCCyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnonofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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IngresOracle Berkeley DBSpark SQLTrafodion
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