DBMS > etcd vs. Ingres vs. NSDb vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison etcd vs. Ingres vs. NSDb vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A distributed reliable key-value store

Well established RDBMS

Scalable, High-performance Time Series DBMS designed for Real-time Analytics on top of Kubernetes

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	7.05
Rank	#53	Overall
	#5	Key-value stores

Score	3.63
Rank	#79	Overall
	#43	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#385	Overall
	#40	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.13
Rank	#330	Overall
	#45	Document stores

Website

etcd.io
github.com/etcd-io/etcd

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

nsdb.io

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

etcd.io/docs
github.com/etcd-io/etcd/tree/master/Documentation

docs.actian.com/ingres

nsdb.io/Architecture

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Actian Corporation

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

2017

2019

Current release

3.4, August 2019

12.0, July 2024

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java, Scala

Clojure

Server operating systems

FreeBSD
Linux
Windows

experimental

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Linux
macOS

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes: int, bigint, decimal, string

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

Secondary indexes

yes

all fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

gRPC
JSON over HTTP

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

gRPC
HTTP REST
WebSocket

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl

Java
Scala

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes, watching key changes

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

Ingres Replicator

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Using Apache Lucene

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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