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DBMS > Ingres vs. Milvus vs. Riak KV vs. Virtuoso vs. Weaviate

System Properties Comparison Ingres vs. Milvus vs. Riak KV vs. Virtuoso vs. Weaviate

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameIngres  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonRiak KV  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparisonWeaviate  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWell established RDBMSA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesDistributed, fault tolerant key-value storeVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphsAn AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSVector DBMSKey-value store infowith links between data sets and object tags for the creation of secondary indexesDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Vector DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.11
Rank#81  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score2.31
Rank#113  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score4.10
Rank#82  Overall
#9  Key-value stores
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Score1.73
Rank#143  Overall
#5  Vector DBMS
Websitewww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresmilvus.iovirtuoso.openlinksw.comgithub.com/­weaviate/­weaviate
weaviate.io
Technical documentationdocs.actian.com/­ingresmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mdwww.tiot.jp/­riak-docs/­riak/­kv/­latestdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuosoweaviate.io/­developers/­weaviate
DeveloperActian CorporationOpenSource, formerly Basho TechnologiesOpenLink SoftwareWeaviate B.V.
Initial release1974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s2019200919982019
Current release11.2, May 20222.3.4, January 20243.2.0, December 20227.2.11, September 20231.19, May 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache version 2, commercial enterprise editionOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license availableOpen Source infocommercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus
Implementation languageCC++, GoErlangCGo
Server operating systemsAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
Linux
OS X
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
yes, maps to GraphQL interface
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesVector, Numeric and Stringnoyesyes infostring, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availablenonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesnorestrictedyesyes infoall data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnonoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLXGraphQL is used as query language
APIs and other access methods.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
RESTful HTTP APIHTTP API
Native Erlang Interface
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C infounofficial client library
C#
C++ infounofficial client library
Clojure infounofficial client library
Dart infounofficial client library
Erlang
Go infounofficial client library
Groovy infounofficial client library
Haskell infounofficial client library
Java
JavaScript infounofficial client library
Lisp infounofficial client library
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala infounofficial client library
Smalltalk infounofficial client library
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
JavaScript / TypeScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoErlangyes infoVirtuoso PLno
Triggersyesnoyes infopre-commit hooks and post-commit hooksyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslyShardingSharding infono "single point of failure"yesSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesIngres Replicatorselectable replication factorChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnono infolinks between data sets can be storedyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoMVCCyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole based access control and fine grained access rightsyes, using Riak SecurityFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)API Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery
More information provided by the system vendor
IngresMilvusRiak KVVirtuosoWeaviate
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
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Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
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Weaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
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Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
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Flexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
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Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
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As a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
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Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Broad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
All companies that have data. ​
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Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
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Largest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
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As of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
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Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more
Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more
Weaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
» more

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More resources
IngresMilvusRiak KVVirtuosoWeaviate
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