DBMS > Ingres vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Transbase vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Ingres vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Transbase vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Well established RDBMS

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

A resource-optimized, high-performance, universally applicable RDBMS

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	4.11
Rank	#81	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#341	Overall
	#150	Relational DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#343	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

www.transaction.de/en/products/transbase.html

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

docs.actian.com/ingres

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

www.transaction.de/en/products/transbase/features.html

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Actian Corporation

Microsoft

Transaction Software GmbH

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

1989

1987

2019

Current release

11.2, May 2022

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

Transbase 8.3, 2022

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

free development license

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

C and C++

Clojure

Server operating systems

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Linux
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Objective-C
PHP
Python

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Ingres Replicator

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Source-replica replication

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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