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DBMS > Ingres vs. Kingbase vs. Lovefield vs. NebulaGraph

System Properties Comparison Ingres vs. Kingbase vs. Lovefield vs. NebulaGraph

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameIngres  Xexclude from comparisonKingbase  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWell established RDBMSAn enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with PostgreSQL and Oracle and widely used in China.Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.80
Rank#82  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score0.50
Rank#257  Overall
#119  Relational DBMS
Score0.33
Rank#286  Overall
#131  Relational DBMS
Score2.23
Rank#116  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.actian.com/­databases/­ingreswww.kingbase.com.cngoogle.github.io/­lovefieldgithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
Technical documentationdocs.actian.com/­ingresgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mddocs.nebula-graph.io
DeveloperActian CorporationBeiJing KINGBASE Information technologies inc.GoogleVesoft Inc.
Initial release1974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s199920142019
Current release11.2, May 2022V8.0, August 20212.1.12, February 2017
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCC and JavaJavaScriptC++
Server operating systemsAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariLinux
Data schemeyesyesyesStrong typed schema
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesStandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methods.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
ADO.NET
gokb
JDBC
kdbndp
ODBC
PDI
PDO
Pro*C
psycopg2
QT
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
JavaScript.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functionsnouser defined functions
TriggersyesyesUsing read-only observers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslyhorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesIngres ReplicatoryesnoneCausal Clustering using Raft protocol
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoMVCCyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyes infousing RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infousing MemoryDByes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoRole-based access control
More information provided by the system vendor
IngresKingbaseLovefieldNebulaGraph
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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IngresKingbaseLovefieldNebulaGraph
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