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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. RDFox vs. Titan vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. RDFox vs. Titan vs. Vertica

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonRDFox  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopHigh performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engineTitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.Cloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMSRelational DBMS infoColumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument storeRelational DBMSSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.23
Rank#308  Overall
#25  Graph DBMS
#14  RDF stores
Score10.68
Rank#43  Overall
#27  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.oxfordsemantic.techgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titanwww.vertica.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.oxfordsemantic.techgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wikivertica.com/­documentation
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaOxford Semantic TechnologiesAurelius, owned by DataStaxOpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard
Initial release2013201720122005
Current release4.1.0, June 20226.0, Septermber 202212.0.3, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoApache license, version 2.0commercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++JavaC++
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyes infoRDF schemasyesYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono
Secondary indexesyesyesNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnonoFull 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
Java
Clojure
Java
Python
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesyes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences
Triggersnoyesyes, called Custom Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingyes infovia pluggable storage backendshorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorreplication via a shared file systemyesMulti-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engineno infoBi-directional Spark integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setupsEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcastyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosRoles, resources, and access typesUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Serverfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaRDFoxTitanVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
Specific characteristicsDeploy-anywhere database for large-scale analytical deployments. Deploy off-cloud,...
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Competitive advantagesFast, scalable, and capable of high concurrency. Separation of compute/storage leverages...
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Typical application scenariosCommunication and network analytics, Embedded analytics, Fraud monitoring and Risk...
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Key customersAbiba Systems, Adform, adMarketplace, AmeriPride, Anritsu, AOL, Avito, Auckland Transport,...
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Licensing and pricing modelsCost-based models and subscription-based models are both available. One license is...
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More resources
Apache ImpalaRDFoxTitanVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
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