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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerWidely used in-process key-value storeA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Document store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoftOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle8Kdata
Initial release2013201619942016
Current release4.1.0, June 202218.1.40, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infocommercial license availableOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)Java
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedAIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionno
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is available
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
Java
PHP
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceTransact SQLno
Triggersnonoyes infoonly for the SQL APIno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryesSource-replica replicationSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosyesnoAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Apache ImpalaMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseOracle Berkeley DBToroDB
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