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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SQream DB vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SQream DB vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonSQream DB  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopOperational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSa GPU-based, columnar RDBMS for big data analytics workloadsA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score5.92
Rank#58  Overall
#10  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#6  Search engines
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score0.70
Rank#227  Overall
#104  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.marklogic.comwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serversqream.comgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.marklogic.comlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.sqream.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMarkLogic Corp.MicrosoftSQream Technologies8Kdata
Initial release20132001198920172016
Current release4.1.0, June 202211.0, December 2022SQL Server 2022, November 20222022.1.6, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++C++C++, CUDA, Haskell, Java, ScalaJava
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
LinuxAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes, ANSI Standard SQL Typesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infoSQL92yesyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
.Net
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javauser defined functions in Python
Triggersnoyesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationhorizontal and vertical partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryesyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionnoneSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes, with Range Indexesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Apache ImpalaMarkLogicMicrosoft SQL ServerSQream DBToroDB
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