DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Kdb vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. MySQL vs. ScyllaDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Kdb vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. MySQL vs. ScyllaDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

High performance Time Series DBMS

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Widely used open source RDBMS

Cassandra and DynamoDB compatible wide column store

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

Relational DBMS

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Wide column store

Secondary database models

Document store

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Key-value store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	14.03
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	7.70
Rank	#53	Overall
	#3	Time Series DBMS
	#1	Vector DBMS

Score	829.80
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	1087.72
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Score	5.27
Rank	#67	Overall
	#5	Wide column stores

Website

impala.apache.org

kx.com

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

www.mysql.com

www.scylladb.com

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

code.kx.com

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

dev.mysql.com/doc

docs.scylladb.com

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Kx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plc

Microsoft

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

ScyllaDB

Initial release

2013

2000

kdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 2003

1989

1995

2015

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

3.6, May 2018

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

8.3.0, January 2024

ScyllaDB Open Source 5.4.1, January 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

free 32-bit version

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

Open Source

Open Source (AGPL), commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Aiven for MySQL: Fully managed MySQL, deployable in the cloud of your choice, with seamless integrations and lightning-fast setup.

Scylla Cloud: Create real-time applications that run at global scale with Scylla Cloud, the industry’s most powerful NoSQL DBaaS

Implementation language

C++

C and C++

C++

Server operating systems

Linux

Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

table attribute 'grouped'

yes

cluster global secondary indices

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

SQL-like query language (q)

yes

with proprietary extensions

SQL-like DML and DDL statements (CQL)

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

HTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

Proprietary protocol (CQL)

compatible with CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
RESTful HTTP API (DynamoDB compatible)
Thrift

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

For CQL interface: C#, C++, Clojure, Erlang, Go, Haskell, Java, JavaScript, Node.js, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby, Rust, Scala
For DynamoDB interface: .Net, ColdFusion, Erlang, Groovy, Java, JavaScript, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

user defined functions

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

yes

proprietary syntax

yes, Lua

Triggers

yes

with views

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Source-replica replication

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

selectable replication factor

Representation of geographical distribution of servers is possible

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

similar paradigm used for internal processing

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Tunable Consistency

can be individually decided for each write operation

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

Atomicity and isolation are supported for single operations

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

in-memory tables

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

rights management via user accounts

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

Access rights for users can be defined per object

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Integrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
» more

ScyllaDB is engineered to deliver predictable performance at scale. It’s adopted...
» more

Competitive advantages

provides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
» more

Highly-performant (efficiently utilizes full resources of a node and network; millions...
» more

Typical application scenarios

tick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
» more

ScyllaDB is ideal for applications that require high throughput and low latency at...
» more

Key customers

Goldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
» more

Discord, Epic Games, Expedia, Zillow, Comcast, Disney+ Hotstar, Samsung, ShareChat,...
» more

Market metrics

kdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
» more

ScyllaDB typically offers ~75% total cost of ownership savings, with ~5X higher throughput...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

upon request
» more

ScyllaDB Open Source - free open source software (AGPL) ScyllaDB Enterprise - subscription-based...
» more

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.