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DBMS > Immudb vs. SQL.JS vs. Transbase vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Immudb vs. SQL.JS vs. Transbase vs. Virtuoso

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonSQL.JS  Xexclude from comparisonTransbase  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Port of SQLite to JavaScriptA resource-optimized, high-performance, universally applicable RDBMSVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.31
Rank#295  Overall
#42  Key-value stores
Score0.63
Rank#241  Overall
#112  Relational DBMS
Score0.17
Rank#334  Overall
#148  Relational DBMS
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitegithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
sql.js.orgwww.transaction.de/­en/­products/­transbase.htmlvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdocs.immudb.iosql.js.org/­documentation/­index.htmlwww.transaction.de/­en/­products/­transbase/­features.htmldocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperCodenotaryAlon Zakai infoenhancements implemented by othersTransaction Software GmbHOpenLink Software
Initial release2020201219871998
Current release1.2.3, April 2022Transbase 8.3, 20227.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Sourcecommercial infofree development licenseOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoJavaScriptC and C++C
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like syntaxyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supportedyesyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsgRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
JavaScript APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaScriptC
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Objective-C
PHP
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyesyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnonoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneSource-replica replicationChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDyesACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesno infoexcept by serializing a db to a fileyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
ImmudbSQL.JSTransbaseVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
ImmudbSQL.JSTransbaseVirtuoso
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