DBMS > Immudb vs. SAP HANA vs. SurrealDB vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Immudb vs. SAP HANA vs. SurrealDB vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

In-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud service

A fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.31
Rank	#295	Overall
	#42	Key-value stores

Score	44.27
Rank	#23	Overall
	#16	Relational DBMS

Score	1.02
Rank	#190	Overall
	#33	Document stores
	#18	Graph DBMS

Website

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

www.sap.com/products/hana.html

surrealdb.com

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

docs.immudb.io

help.sap.com/hana

surrealdb.com/docs

Developer

Codenotary

SAP

SurrealDB Ltd

8Kdata

Initial release

2020

2010

2022

2016

Current release

1.2.3, April 2022

2.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023

v1.5.0, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

also available as a cloud based service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Rust

Java

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Appliance or cloud-service

Linux
macOS
Windows

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like syntax

yes

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

JDBC
ODBC

GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket

Supported programming languages

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

SQLScript, R

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

yes

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

yes

yes, based on authentication and database rules

Access rights for users and roles

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