DBMS > Immudb vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Postgres-XL vs. ReductStore

System Properties Comparison Immudb vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Postgres-XL vs. ReductStore

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

Widely used in-process key-value store

Based on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features

Designed to manage unstructured time-series data efficiently, providing unique features such as storing time-stamped blobs with labels, customizable data retention policies, and a straightforward FIFO quota system.

Primary database model

Key-value store

supports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS

in the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.31
Rank	#295	Overall
	#42	Key-value stores

Score	2.01
Rank	#126	Overall
	#21	Key-value stores
	#3	Native XML DBMS

Score	0.53
Rank	#254	Overall
	#117	Relational DBMS

Score	0.05
Rank	#384	Overall
	#44	Time Series DBMS

Website

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/berkeleydb.html

www.postgres-xl.org

github.com/reductstore
www.reduct.store

Technical documentation

docs.immudb.io

docs.oracle.com/cd/E17076_05/html/index.html

www.postgres-xl.org/documentation

www.reduct.store/docs

Developer

Codenotary

Oracle

originally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle

ReductStore LLC

Initial release

2020

1994

2014

since 2012, originally named StormDB

2023

Current release

1.2.3, April 2022

18.1.40, May 2020

10 R1, October 2018

1.9, March 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

commercial license available

Open Source

Mozilla public license

Open Source

Business Source License 1.1

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)

C++, Rust

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows

Linux
macOS

Docker
Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

only with the Berkeley DB XML edition

yes

XML type, but no XML query functionality

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like syntax

yes

SQL interfaced based on SQLite is available

yes

distributed, parallel query execution

APIs and other access methods

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

HTTP API

Supported programming languages

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

.Net

Figaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others

Third-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

C++
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

only for the SQL API

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

MVCC

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources

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