DBMS > Immudb vs. MySQL vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. TigerGraph

System Properties Comparison Immudb vs. MySQL vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. TigerGraph

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

Widely used open source RDBMS

Widely used in-process key-value store

A complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time

Primary database model

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Key-value store

supports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS

in the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version

Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.24
Rank	#305	Overall
	#43	Key-value stores

Score	1083.74
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Score	2.21
Rank	#117	Overall
	#20	Key-value stores
	#3	Native XML DBMS

Score	1.83
Rank	#139	Overall
	#13	Graph DBMS

Website

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

www.mysql.com

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/berkeleydb.html

www.tigergraph.com

Technical documentation

docs.immudb.io

dev.mysql.com/doc

docs.oracle.com/cd/E17076_05/html/index.html

docs.tigergraph.com

Developer

Codenotary

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

Oracle

originally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle

Initial release

2020

1995

1994

2017

Current release

1.2.3, April 2022

8.4.0, April 2024

18.1.40, May 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

Open Source

commercial license available

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

C and C++

C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)

C++

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

only with the Berkeley DB XML edition

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like syntax

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

SQL interfaced based on SQLite is available

SQL-like query language (GSQL)

APIs and other access methods

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

.Net

Figaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others

Third-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl

C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

proprietary syntax

yes

Triggers

yes

only for the SQL API

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

Role-based access control

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