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DBMS > Immudb vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Oracle Coherence vs. SAP Advantage Database Server vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Immudb vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Oracle Coherence vs. SAP Advantage Database Server vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Coherence  Xexclude from comparisonSAP Advantage Database Server infoformer name: Sybase ADS  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
SAP Advantage Database Server seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerOracles in-memory data grid solutionLow-cost RDBMS with access to ISAM and FoxPro data structuresVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.31
Rank#295  Overall
#42  Key-value stores
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score1.97
Rank#129  Overall
#22  Key-value stores
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitegithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
azure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.oracle.com/­java/­coherencewww.sap.com/products/advantage-database-server.htmlvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdocs.immudb.iodocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsdocs.oracle.com/­en/­middleware/­standalone/­coherencedocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperCodenotaryMicrosoftOracleSybase, SAPOpenLink Software
Initial release20202016200719931998
Current release1.2.3, April 202214.1, August 20237.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC++JavaC
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
hostedAll OS with a Java VMLinux
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like syntaxyesnoyesyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsgRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JCache
JPA
RESTful HTTP API
.NET Client API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
Java
PHP
.Net
C++
Java
Delphi
Perl
PHP
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQLnoyesyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnonoyes infoLive Eventsyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningShardingnoneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes, with selectable consistency levelMulti-source replication infoCONFLICT Trigger to resolve replication conflicts
Source-replica replication
Chain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDconfigurableACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infooptionallyyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno infocaching of (temporary) tables can be configuredyes
User concepts infoAccess controlyesauthentification to access the cache via certificates or http basic authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
ImmudbMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseOracle CoherenceSAP Advantage Database Server infoformer name: Sybase ADSVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
ImmudbMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseOracle CoherenceSAP Advantage Database Server infoformer name: Sybase ADSVirtuoso
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