DBMS > Immudb vs. LokiJS vs. Stardog vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison Immudb vs. LokiJS vs. Stardog vs. VoltDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

In-memory JavaScript DBMS

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

Distributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS

Used for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.24
Rank	#295	Overall
	#42	Key-value stores

Score	0.44
Rank	#256	Overall
	#40	Document stores

Score	1.93
Rank	#121	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Score	1.38
Rank	#156	Overall
	#72	Relational DBMS

Website

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

github.com/techfort/LokiJS

www.stardog.com

www.voltdb.com

Technical documentation

docs.immudb.io

techfort.github.io/LokiJS

docs.stardog.com

docs.voltdb.com

Developer

Codenotary

Stardog-Union

VoltDB Inc.

Initial release

2020

2014

2010

Current release

1.2.3, April 2022

7.3.0, May 2020

11.3, April 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

Open Source

AGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

JavaScript

Java

Java, C++

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Linux
macOS
Windows

Linux
OS X

for development

Data scheme

schema-free

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like syntax

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

yes

only a subset of SQL 99

APIs and other access methods

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

JavaScript API

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

JavaScript

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Erlang

not officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

View functions in JavaScript

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

Java

Triggers

yes

via event handlers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

FOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

atomic operations within a single collection possible

ACID

Transactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Data access is serialized by the server

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Serialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.

yes

Snapshots and command logging

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles

Users and roles with access to stored procedures

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

New kids on the block: database management systems implemented in JavaScript
1 December 2014, Matthias Gelbmann

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Recent citations in the news

A Step by Step Guide to immudb — the open source immutable database
18 May 2020, hackernoon.com

immudb (immutable database) ‘tamper-proof’ database
14 December 2021, ComputerWeekly.com

ImmuDB and Codenotary: It's a database, but the company isn't
20 December 2021, ZDNet

Immudb: Open-source database, built on a zero trust model
17 December 2021, Help Net Security

How Open-Source Database immudb Plans to Handle All That Metaverse Data
10 October 2022, Acceleration Economy

provided by Google News

LokiJS - A JavaScript Database
18 November 2014, iProgrammer

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31 August 2021, PR Newswire

Unveiling Volt Active Data’s game-changing approach to limitless app performance
16 October 2023, YourStory

VoltDB Announces Key New Hires
26 October 2021, citybiz

Solutions Review Sits Down with VoltDB CEO David Flower
17 April 2018, Solutions Review

VoltDB Aims for Fast Big Data Development
29 January 2015, ADT Magazine

provided by Google News

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