DBMS > Immudb vs. KeyDB vs. MySQL vs. OrigoDB vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Immudb vs. KeyDB vs. MySQL vs. OrigoDB vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

An ultra-fast, open source Key-value store fully compatible with Redis API, modules, and protocols

Widely used open source RDBMS

A fully ACID in-memory object graph database

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Document store
Object oriented DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.31
Rank	#295	Overall
	#42	Key-value stores

Score	0.70
Rank	#229	Overall
	#32	Key-value stores

Score	1061.34
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Score	0.06
Rank	#380	Overall
	#50	Document stores
	#18	Object oriented DBMS

Website

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

github.com/Snapchat/KeyDB
keydb.dev

www.mysql.com

origodb.com

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

Developer

Codenotary

EQ Alpha Technology Ltd.

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

Robert Friberg et al

8Kdata

Initial release

2020

2019

1995

2009

under the name LiveDB

2016

Current release

1.2.3, April 2022

8.4.0, April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

BSD-3

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

C++

C and C++

Java

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
Windows

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

partial

Supported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexes

yes

User defined using .NET types and collections

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

can be achieved using .NET

Secondary indexes

yes

by using the Redis Search module

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like syntax

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

Proprietary protocol

RESP - REdis Serialization Protoco

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

.NET Client API
HTTP API
LINQ

Supported programming languages

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

.Net

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Lua

yes

proprietary syntax

yes

Triggers

yes

Domain Events

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

horizontal partitioning

client side managed; servers are not synchronized

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Strong eventual consistency with CRDTs

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

depending on model

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Optimistic locking, atomic execution of commands blocks and scripts

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Configurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logs

yes

Write ahead log

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

simple password-based access control and ACL

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

Role based authorization

Access rights for users and roles

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