DBMS > Immudb vs. Interbase vs. Lovefield vs. Tkrzw

System Properties Comparison Immudb vs. Interbase vs. Lovefield vs. Tkrzw

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

Light-weight proven RDBMS

originally from Borland

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

A concept of libraries, allowing an application program to store and query key-value pairs in a file. Successor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet

Primary database model

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.31
Rank	#295	Overall
	#42	Key-value stores

Score	4.08
Rank	#75	Overall
	#41	Relational DBMS

Score	0.33
Rank	#286	Overall
	#131	Relational DBMS

Score	0.07
Rank	#372	Overall
	#57	Key-value stores

Website

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

www.embarcadero.com/products/interbase

google.github.io/lovefield

dbmx.net/tkrzw

Technical documentation

docs.immudb.io

docs.embarcadero.com/products/interbase

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

Developer

Codenotary

Embarcadero

Google

Mikio Hirabayashi

Initial release

2020

1984

2014

2020

Current release

1.2.3, April 2022

InterBase 2020, December 2019

2.1.12, February 2017

0.9.3, August 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

JavaScript

C++

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Android
iOS
Linux
OS X
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

Linux
macOS

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

export as XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like syntax

yes

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

APIs and other access methods

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Object Pascal
PHP
Ruby

JavaScript

C++
Java
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Interbase procedure and trigger language

Triggers

yes

Using read-only observers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Interbase Change Views

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Multiversion concurreny control

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using MemoryDB

yes

using specific database classes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources

Recent citations in the news

Codenotary brings its immutable database to the cloud
21 June 2023, TechCrunch

Immudb: Open-source database, built on a zero trust model
17 December 2021, Help Net Security

How Open-Source Database immudb Plans to Handle All That Metaverse Data
10 October 2022, Acceleration Economy

immudb (immutable database) 'tamper-proof' database - Open Source Insider
14 December 2021, ComputerWeekly.com

Codenotary Uses Immutable Database to Verify Software Artifacts
26 October 2021, DevOps.com

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Borland InterBase backdoor detected | ZDNET
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