DBMS > Immudb vs. Ingres vs. Snowflake

System Properties Comparison Immudb vs. Ingres vs. Snowflake

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

Well established RDBMS

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

Primary database model

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.24
Rank	#305	Overall
	#43	Key-value stores

Score	4.11
Rank	#81	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	121.33
Rank	#9	Overall
	#6	Relational DBMS

Website

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

www.snowflake.com

Technical documentation

docs.immudb.io

docs.actian.com/ingres

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

Developer

Codenotary

Actian Corporation

Snowflake Computing Inc.

Initial release

2020

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

2014

Current release

1.2.3, April 2022

11.2, May 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

hosted

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like syntax

yes

APIs and other access methods

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

similar concept for controling cloud resources

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Ingres Replicator

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

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