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DBMS > Immudb vs. Ingres vs. JaguarDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison Immudb vs. Ingres vs. JaguarDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonJaguarDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Well established RDBMSPerformant, highly scalable DBMS for AI and IoT applicationsFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMSKey-value store
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.24
Rank#305  Overall
#43  Key-value stores
Score4.11
Rank#81  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#60  Key-value stores
#13  Vector DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
www.actian.com/­databases/­ingreswww.jaguardb.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationdocs.immudb.iodocs.actian.com/­ingreswww.jaguardb.com/­support.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperCodenotaryActian CorporationDataJaguar, Inc.Microsoft
Initial release20201974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s20152019
Current release1.2.3, April 202211.2, May 20223.3 July 2023cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoGPL V3.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoCC++ infothe server part. Clients available in other languages
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Linuxhosted
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availablenoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like syntaxyesA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented infobut no views, foreign keys, triggersKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsgRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
JDBC
ODBC
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersnoyesnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslyShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesIngres ReplicatorMulti-source replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoMVCCyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardrights management via user accountsAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
ImmudbIngresJaguarDBMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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