DBMS > IBM Db2 warehouse vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Stardog vs. TerminusDB vs. VelocityDB

System Properties Comparison IBM Db2 warehouse vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Stardog vs. TerminusDB vs. VelocityDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Cloud-based data warehousing service

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

Scalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships

A .NET Object Database that can be embedded/distributed and extended to a graph data model (VelocityGraph)

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Graph DBMS

Graph DBMS
Object oriented DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Document store
RDF store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.37
Rank	#160	Overall
	#74	Relational DBMS

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	2.07
Rank	#122	Overall
	#11	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Score	0.23
Rank	#316	Overall
	#27	Graph DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#354	Overall
	#37	Graph DBMS
	#15	Object oriented DBMS

Website

www.ibm.com/products/db2/warehouse

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

www.stardog.com

terminusdb.com

velocitydb.com

Technical documentation

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

docs.stardog.com

terminusdb.github.io/terminusdb/#

velocitydb.com/UserGuide

Developer

IBM

Microsoft

Stardog-Union

DataChemist Ltd.

VelocityDB Inc

Initial release

2014

1989

2010

2018

2011

Current release

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

7.3.0, May 2020

11.0.0, January 2023

7.x

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

Open Source

GPL V3

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

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Implementation language

C++

Java

Prolog, Rust

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

Linux

Any that supports .NET

Data scheme

yes

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Import/export of XML data possible

yes

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

SQL-like query language (WOQL)

APIs and other access methods

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)

.Net

Supported programming languages

Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

JavaScript
Python

.Net

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

PL/SQL, SQL PL

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

yes

Triggers

yes

via event handlers

yes

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

none

Graph Partitioning

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

Journaling Streams

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory journaling

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

Role-based access control

Based on Windows Authentication

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