DBMS > IBM Cloudant vs. LevelDB vs. RavenDB vs. RDF4J vs. Snowflake

System Properties Comparison IBM Cloudant vs. LevelDB vs. RavenDB vs. RDF4J vs. Snowflake

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Database as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDB

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Open Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document Database

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.68
Rank	#106	Overall
	#20	Document stores

Score	2.35
Rank	#111	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	2.92
Rank	#101	Overall
	#18	Document stores

Score	0.69
Rank	#230	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	121.33
Rank	#9	Overall
	#6	Relational DBMS

Website

www.ibm.com/products/cloudant

github.com/google/leveldb

ravendb.net

rdf4j.org

www.snowflake.com

Technical documentation

cloud.ibm.com/docs/Cloudant

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

ravendb.net/docs

rdf4j.org/documentation

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

Developer

IBM, Apache Software Foundation

IBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014

Google

Hibernating Rhinos

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Snowflake Computing Inc.

Initial release

2010

2011

2010

2004

2014

Current release

1.23, February 2021

5.4, July 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

AGPL version 3, commercial license available

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

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Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Erlang

C++

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

hosted

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language (RQL)

yes

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java
PHP
Python

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

View functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScript

yes

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

similar concept for controling cloud resources

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

none

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

Multi-source replication

none

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Default ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

atomic operations within a document possible

ACID, Cluster-wide transaction available

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Optimistic locking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users can be defined per database

Authorization levels configured per client per database

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

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