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DBMS > HyperSQL vs. PostgreSQL vs. RethinkDB vs. Stardog vs. UniData,UniVerse

System Properties Comparison HyperSQL vs. PostgreSQL vs. RethinkDB vs. Stardog vs. UniData,UniVerse

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRethinkDB  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonUniData,UniVerse  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLDBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationMultiValue database and application server with SQL mapping layer and meta database capabilities
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Multivalue DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.23
Rank#93  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.66
Rank#107  Overall
#20  Document stores
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score2.85
Rank#98  Overall
#1  Multivalue DBMS
Websitehsqldb.orgwww.postgresql.orgrethinkdb.comwww.stardog.comwww.rocketsoftware.com/­products/­rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/­rocket-unidata
Technical documentationhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmlwww.postgresql.org/­docsrethinkdb.com/­docsdocs.stardog.comdocs.rocketsoftware.com/­bundle?cluster=true&labelkey=unidata&labelkey=prod_unidata
DeveloperPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerThe Linux Foundation infosince July 2017Stardog-UnionRocket Software
Initial release20011989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL200920101985
Current release2.7.2, June 202316.3, May 20242.4.1, August 20207.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infobased on BSD licenseOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentscommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaCC++JavaC
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infostring, binary, float, bool, date, geometryyesoptional
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsnoYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serveryes
APIs and other access methodsHTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Java API infoJPA
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
SOAP-based API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C infocommunity-supported driver
C# infocommunity-supported driver
C++ infocommunity-supported driver
Clojure infocommunity-supported driver
Dart infocommunity-supported driver
Erlang infocommunity-supported driver
Go infocommunity-supported driver
Haskell infocommunity-supported driver
Java infoofficial driver
JavaScript (Node.js) infoofficial driver
Lisp infocommunity-supported driver
Lua infocommunity-supported driver
Objective-C infocommunity-supported driver
Perl infocommunity-supported driver
PHP infocommunity-supported driver
Python infoofficial driver
Ruby infoofficial driver
Scala infocommunity-supported driver
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
.Net
Basic infoU2 Basic
C
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava, SQLuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javayes
TriggersyesyesClient-side triggers through changefeedsyes infovia event handlersyes infoU2 Basic
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding inforange basednonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication in HA-ClusterSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyes inforelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDAtomic single-document operationsACIDACID infoconfigurable
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCC basedyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes infousers and table-level permissionsAccess rights for users and rolesAccess rights according to SQL-standard and operating system based

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More resources
HyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBPostgreSQLRethinkDBStardogUniData,UniVerse
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