DBMS > HyperSQL vs. Postgres-XL vs. PostgreSQL vs. Sequoiadb vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison HyperSQL vs. Postgres-XL vs. PostgreSQL vs. Sequoiadb vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java

also known as HSQLDB

Based on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features

Widely used open source RDBMS

Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL

NewSQL database with distributed OLTP and SQL

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.

Document store
Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

with pgvector extension

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.23
Rank	#93	Overall
	#48	Relational DBMS

Score	0.53
Rank	#254	Overall
	#117	Relational DBMS

Score	636.25
Rank	#4	Overall
	#4	Relational DBMS

Score	0.50
Rank	#258	Overall
	#41	Document stores
	#120	Relational DBMS

Score	18.04
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Website

Technical documentation

hsqldb.org/web/hsqlDocsFrame.html

www.postgres-xl.org/documentation

www.postgresql.org/docs

www.sequoiadb.com/en/index.php?m=Files&a=index

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

Developer

PostgreSQL Global Development Group

www.postgresql.org/developer

Sequoiadb Ltd.

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

2001

2014

since 2012, originally named StormDB

1989

1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL

2013

2014

Current release

2.7.2, June 2023

10 R1, October 2018

16.3, May 2024

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

based on BSD license

Open Source

Mozilla public license

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

Server: AGPL; Client: Apache V2

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Scala

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Embedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modes

Linux
macOS

FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows

Linux

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

oid, date, timestamp, binary, regex

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

XML type, but no XML query functionality

yes

specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

distributed, parallel query execution

yes

standard with numerous extensions

SQL-like query language

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

HTTP API

JDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

proprietary protocol using JSON

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java

JDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

.Net
C++
Java
PHP
Python

Java
Python
R
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java, SQL

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

JavaScript

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning

partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash

Sharding

yes, utilizing Spark Core

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

MVCC

ACID

Document is locked during a transaction

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

simple password-based access control

More information provided by the system vendor

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More resources

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