DBMS > etcd vs. HyperSQL vs. MySQL vs. Realm vs. STSdb

System Properties Comparison etcd vs. HyperSQL vs. MySQL vs. Realm vs. STSdb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A distributed reliable key-value store

Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java

also known as HSQLDB

Widely used open source RDBMS

A DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data

Key-Value Store with special method for indexing

optimized for high performance using a special indexing method

Primary database model

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Document store

Key-value store

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	7.25
Rank	#54	Overall
	#5	Key-value stores

Score	3.49
Rank	#87	Overall
	#47	Relational DBMS

Score	1083.74
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Score	7.60
Rank	#52	Overall
	#9	Document stores

Score	0.04
Rank	#360	Overall
	#52	Key-value stores

Website

etcd.io
github.com/etcd-io/etcd

hsqldb.org

www.mysql.com

realm.io

github.com/STSSoft/STSdb4

Technical documentation

etcd.io/docs
github.com/etcd-io/etcd/tree/master/Documentation

hsqldb.org/web/hsqlDocsFrame.html

dev.mysql.com/doc

realm.io/docs

Developer

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

Realm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019

STS Soft SC

Initial release

2001

1995

2014

2011

Current release

3.4, August 2019

2.7.2, June 2023

8.4.0, April 2024

4.0.8, September 2015

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

based on BSD license

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

Open Source

GPLv2, commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C and C++

Server operating systems

FreeBSD
Linux
Windows

experimental

All OS with a Java VM

Embedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modes

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows

Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

primitive types and user defined types (classes)

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

gRPC
JSON over HTTP

HTTP API

JDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

.NET Client API

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

.Net
Java

with Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift

C#
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java, SQL

yes

proprietary syntax

runs within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary

Triggers

yes, watching key changes

yes

Change Listeners

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

none

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

In-Memory realm

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

yes

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