DBMS > HyperSQL vs. Immudb vs. LevelDB vs. Lovefield vs. searchxml

System Properties Comparison HyperSQL vs. Immudb vs. LevelDB vs. Lovefield vs. searchxml

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java

also known as HSQLDB

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

DBMS for structured and unstructured content wrapped with an application server

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Native XML DBMS
Search engine

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.49
Rank	#87	Overall
	#47	Relational DBMS

Score	0.24
Rank	#305	Overall
	#43	Key-value stores

Score	2.35
Rank	#111	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	0.29
Rank	#293	Overall
	#133	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#7	Native XML DBMS
	#25	Search engines

Website

hsqldb.org

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

github.com/google/leveldb

google.github.io/lovefield

www.searchxml.net/category/products

Technical documentation

hsqldb.org/web/hsqlDocsFrame.html

docs.immudb.io

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

www.searchxml.net/support/handouts

Developer

Codenotary

Google

informationpartners gmbh

Initial release

2001

2020

2011

2014

2015

Current release

2.7.2, June 2023

1.2.3, April 2022

1.23, February 2021

2.1.12, February 2017

1.0

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

based on BSD license

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

JavaScript

C++

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Embedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modes

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like syntax

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

APIs and other access methods

HTTP API

JDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

RESTful HTTP API
WebDAV
XQuery
XSLT

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

JavaScript

C++

most other programming languages supported via APIs

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java, SQL

yes

on the application server

Triggers

yes

Using read-only observers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

yes

sychronisation to multiple collections

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

multiple readers, single writer

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using MemoryDB

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Domain, group and role-based access control at the document level and for application services

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More resources

Recent citations in the news

HyperSQL DataBase flaw leaves library vulnerable to RCE
24 October 2022, The Daily Swig

Introduction to JDBC with HSQLDB tutorial
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