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DBMS > HyperSQL vs. IBM Db2 vs. PostgreSQL vs. TDengine vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison HyperSQL vs. IBM Db2 vs. PostgreSQL vs. TDengine vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTDengine  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBCommon in IBM host environments, 2 different versions for host and Windows/LinuxWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLTime Series DBMS and big data platformA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoSince Version 10.5 support for JSON/BSON documents compatible with MongoDBRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Time Series DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
RDF store infoin Db2 LUW (Linux, Unix, Windows)
Spatial DBMS infowith Db2 Spatial Extender
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.23
Rank#93  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
Score125.90
Rank#9  Overall
#6  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.68
Rank#106  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Score0.18
Rank#332  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websitehsqldb.orgwww.ibm.com/­products/­db2www.postgresql.orggithub.com/­taosdata/­TDengine
tdengine.com
github.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmlwww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2www.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.tdengine.comwww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperIBMPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerTDEngine, previously Taos DataJuxt Ltd.
Initial release20011983 infohost version1989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20192019
Current release2.7.2, June 202312.1, October 201616.3, May 20243.0, August 20221.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infobased on BSD licensecommercial infofree version is availableOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoAGPL V3, also commercial editions availableOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC and C++CCClojure
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Windows
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsStandard SQL with extensions for time-series applicationslimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsHTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
JSON style queries infoMongoDB compatible
ODBC
XQuery
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Rust
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava, SQLyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.nono
Triggersyesyesyesyes, via alarm monitoringno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoonly with Windows/Unix/Linux Versionpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes infowith separate tools (MQ, InfoSphere)Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes
More information provided by the system vendor
HyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2PostgreSQLTDengineXTDB infoformerly named Crux
Specific characteristicsTDengine™ is a next generation data historian purpose-built for Industry 4.0 and...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh Performance at any Scale: TDengine is purpose-built for handling massive industrial...
» more
Typical application scenariosTDengine is designed for Industrial IoT scenarios, including: Manufacturing Connected...
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Market metricsTDengine has garnered over 22,500 stars on GitHub and is used in over 50 countries...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTDengine OSS is an open source, cloud native time series database. It includes built-in...
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More resources
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