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DBMS > HyperSQL vs. IBM Db2 vs. MarkLogic vs. PostgreSQL vs. TigerGraph

System Properties Comparison HyperSQL vs. IBM Db2 vs. MarkLogic vs. PostgreSQL vs. TigerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBCommon in IBM host environments, 2 different versions for host and Windows/LinuxOperational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoSince Version 10.5 support for JSON/BSON documents compatible with MongoDBDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
RDF store infoin Db2 LUW (Linux, Unix, Windows)
Spatial DBMS infowith Db2 Spatial Extender
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.23
Rank#93  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
Score125.90
Rank#9  Overall
#6  Relational DBMS
Score5.18
Rank#63  Overall
#11  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#7  Search engines
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score1.80
Rank#138  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Websitehsqldb.orgwww.ibm.com/­products/­db2www.marklogic.comwww.postgresql.orgwww.tigergraph.com
Technical documentationhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmlwww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2docs.marklogic.comwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.tigergraph.com
DeveloperIBMMarkLogic Corp.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release20011983 infohost version20011989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2017
Current release2.7.2, June 202312.1, October 201611.0, December 202216.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infobased on BSD licensecommercial infofree version is availablecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoBSDcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC and C++C++CC++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesyes infoSQL92yes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like query language (GSQL)
APIs and other access methodsHTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
JSON style queries infoMongoDB compatible
ODBC
XQuery
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava, SQLyesyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes
Triggersyesyesyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoonly with Windows/Unix/Linux VersionShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes infowith separate tools (MQ, InfoSphere)yesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsnoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyesyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes, with Range Indexesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access control

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More resources
HyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2MarkLogicPostgreSQLTigerGraph
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