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DBMS > HyperSQL vs. IBM Cloudant vs. PostgreSQL vs. UniData,UniVerse vs. Vitess

System Properties Comparison HyperSQL vs. IBM Cloudant vs. PostgreSQL vs. UniData,UniVerse vs. Vitess

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Cloudant  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonUniData,UniVerse  Xexclude from comparisonVitess  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBDatabase as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDBWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLMultiValue database and application server with SQL mapping layer and meta database capabilitiesScalable, distributed, cloud-native DBMS, extending MySQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Multivalue DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.23
Rank#93  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
Score2.75
Rank#104  Overall
#19  Document stores
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.85
Rank#98  Overall
#1  Multivalue DBMS
Score0.88
Rank#203  Overall
#95  Relational DBMS
Websitehsqldb.orgwww.ibm.com/­products/­cloudantwww.postgresql.orgwww.rocketsoftware.com/­products/­rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/­rocket-unidatavitess.io
Technical documentationhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmlcloud.ibm.com/­docs/­Cloudantwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.rocketsoftware.com/­bundle?cluster=true&labelkey=unidata&labelkey=prod_unidatavitess.io/­docs
DeveloperIBM, Apache Software Foundation infoIBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerRocket SoftwareThe Linux Foundation, PlanetScale
Initial release200120101989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL19852013
Current release2.7.2, June 202316.3, May 202415.0.2, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infobased on BSD licensecommercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaErlangCCGo
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modeshostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Docker
Linux
macOS
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesoptionalyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyesyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsHTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Java API infoJPA
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
SOAP-based API
ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Basic infoU2 Basic
C
Java
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava, SQLView functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScriptuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yesyes infoproprietary syntax
Triggersyesyesyesyes infoU2 Basicyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnoyes infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoatomic operations within a document possibleACIDACID infoconfigurableACID at shard level
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoOptimistic lockingyesyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engine
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users can be defined per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights according to SQL-standard and operating system basedUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles

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More resources
HyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBIBM CloudantPostgreSQLUniData,UniVerseVitess
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