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DBMS > HyperSQL vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Milvus vs. Neo4j

System Properties Comparison HyperSQL vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Milvus vs. Neo4j

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Cloudant  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBDatabase as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDBElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offerings
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSVector DBMSGraph DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.49
Rank#87  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
Score2.68
Rank#106  Overall
#20  Document stores
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score2.31
Rank#113  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Websitehsqldb.orgwww.ibm.com/­products/­cloudantazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsmilvus.ioneo4j.com
Technical documentationhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmlcloud.ibm.com/­docs/­Cloudantdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mdneo4j.com/­docs
DeveloperIBM, Apache Software Foundation infoIBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014MicrosoftNeo4j, Inc.
Initial release20012010201620192007
Current release2.7.2, June 20232.3.4, January 20245.19, April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infobased on BSD licensecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for MilvusNeo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJavaErlangC++C++, GoJava, Scala
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modeshostedhostedLinux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free and schema-optional
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesVector, Numeric and Stringyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Lucene
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyesnono
APIs and other access methodsHTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIBolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
C#
Java
PHP
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava, SQLView functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScriptTransact SQLnoyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functions
Triggersyesyesnonoyes infovia event handler
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningShardingyes using Neo4j Fabric
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yesCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version only
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Causal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsnoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoatomic operations within a document possibleACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoOptimistic lockingyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseyesRole based access control and fine grained access rightsUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
HyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBIBM CloudantMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseMilvusNeo4j
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more
Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more
GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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