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DBMS > etcd vs. HugeGraph vs. MaxDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison etcd vs. HugeGraph vs. MaxDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Nameetcd  Xexclude from comparisonHugeGraph  Xexclude from comparisonMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-D  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed reliable key-value storeA fast-speed and highly-scalable Graph DBMSA robust and reliable RDBMS optimized to run all major SAP solutionsFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelKey-value storeGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score7.25
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score0.13
Rank#336  Overall
#32  Graph DBMS
Score2.32
Rank#112  Overall
#55  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Websiteetcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
github.com/­hugegraph
hugegraph.apache.org
maxdb.sap.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationetcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
hugegraph.apache.org/­docsmaxdb.sap.com/­documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperBaiduSAP, acquired from Software AG (Adabas-D) in 1997Microsoft
Initial release201819842019
Current release3.4, August 20190.97.9.10.12, February 2024cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial infoLimited community edition freecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoJavaC++
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
Linux
macOS
Unix
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
hosted
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesnoyes infoalso supports composite index and range indexyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsgRPC
JSON over HTTP
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
TinkerPop Gremlin
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
WebDAV
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
Groovy
Java
Python
.Net
C#
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoasynchronous Gremlin script jobsyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersyes, watching key changesnoyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyes infodepending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBasenoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.yes infodepending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBaseSource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnovia hugegraph-sparknoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoedges in graphyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlnoUsers, roles and permissionsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
etcdHugeGraphMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-DMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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