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DBMS > Hive vs. Milvus vs. PostgreSQL vs. VelocityDB

System Properties Comparison Hive vs. Milvus vs. PostgreSQL vs. VelocityDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameHive  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonVelocityDB  Xexclude from comparison
Descriptiondata warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA .NET Object Database that can be embedded/distributed and extended to a graph data model (VelocityGraph)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSVector DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Graph DBMS
Object oriented DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score61.17
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score2.31
Rank#113  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.05
Rank#358  Overall
#36  Graph DBMS
#16  Object oriented DBMS
Websitehive.apache.orgmilvus.iowww.postgresql.orgvelocitydb.com
Technical documentationcwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homemilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mdwww.postgresql.org/­docsvelocitydb.com/­UserGuide
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerVelocityDB Inc
Initial release201220191989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2011
Current release3.1.3, April 20222.3.4, January 202416.3, May 20247.x
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSDcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
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Implementation languageJavaC++, GoCC#
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Any that supports .NET
Data schemeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesVector, Numeric and Stringyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Thrift
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
.Net
Supported programming languagesC++
Java
PHP
Python
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
TriggersnonoyesCallbacks are triggered when data changes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and rolesRole based access control and fine grained access rightsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardBased on Windows Authentication
More information provided by the system vendor
HiveMilvusPostgreSQLVelocityDB
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
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Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
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Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
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Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
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Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
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Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
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HiveMilvusPostgreSQLVelocityDB
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