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DBMS > Hive vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PostGIS vs. TinkerGraph vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison Hive vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PostGIS vs. TinkerGraph vs. VoltDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameHive  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonPostGIS  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonVoltDB  Xexclude from comparison
Descriptiondata warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopFully managed big data interactive analytics platformSpatial extension of PostgreSQLA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 APIDistributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS infoUsed for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedSpatial DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score59.76
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score21.72
Rank#29  Overall
#1  Spatial DBMS
Score0.13
Rank#345  Overall
#35  Graph DBMS
Score1.47
Rank#157  Overall
#73  Relational DBMS
Websitehive.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerpostgis.nettinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlinwww.voltdb.com
Technical documentationcwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homedocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerpostgis.net/­documentationdocs.voltdb.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookMicrosoftVoltDB Inc.
Initial release20122019200520092010
Current release3.1.3, April 2022cloud service with continuous releases3.4.2, February 202411.3, April 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoGPL v2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoAGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaCJavaJava, C++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
OS X infofor development
Data schemeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesno
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesnoyes infoonly a subset of SQL 99
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
TinkerPop 3Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC++
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Groovy
Java
C#
C++
Erlang infonot officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functionsnoJava
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes infobased on PostgreSQLnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes infobased on PostgreSQLnoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes infoRelationships in graphsno infoFOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDnoACID infoTransactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesnoyes infoData access is serialized by the server
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesoptionalyes infoSnapshots and command logging
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and rolesAzure Active Directory Authenticationyes infobased on PostgreSQLnoUsers and roles with access to stored procedures

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More resources
HiveMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerPostGISTinkerGraphVoltDB
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