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DBMS > Hive vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NebulaGraph vs. TinkerGraph vs. Valentina Server

System Properties Comparison Hive vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NebulaGraph vs. TinkerGraph vs. Valentina Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameHive  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonValentina Server  Xexclude from comparison
Descriptiondata warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 APIObject-relational database and reports server
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedGraph DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score61.17
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score2.14
Rank#120  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#348  Overall
#35  Graph DBMS
Score0.17
Rank#327  Overall
#145  Relational DBMS
Websitehive.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorergithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
tinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlinwww.valentina-db.net
Technical documentationcwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homedocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.nebula-graph.iovalentina-db.com/­docs/­dokuwiki/­v5/­doku.php
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookMicrosoftVesoft Inc.Paradigma Software
Initial release20122019201920091999
Current release3.1.3, April 2022cloud service with continuous releases5.7.5
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++Java
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)Strong typed schemaschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.noyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query languagenoyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
TinkerPop 3ODBC
Supported programming languagesC++
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
Groovy
Java
.Net
C
C#
C++
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
Visual Basic
Visual Basic.NET
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functionsnoyes
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Causal Clustering using Raft protocolnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesno
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing RocksDBoptionalyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and rolesAzure Active Directory AuthenticationRole-based access controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
HiveMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerNebulaGraphTinkerGraphValentina Server
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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HiveMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerNebulaGraphTinkerGraphValentina Server
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