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DBMS > Hive vs. Memcached vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Stardog vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Hive vs. Memcached vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Stardog vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameHive  Xexclude from comparisonMemcached  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
Descriptiondata warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopIn-memory key-value store, originally intended for cachingFully managed big data interactive analytics platformEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score59.76
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score18.08
Rank#32  Overall
#4  Key-value stores
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score1.36
Rank#161  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websitehive.apache.orgwww.memcached.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.stardog.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationcwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homegithub.com/­memcached/­memcached/­wikidocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.stardog.comdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookDanga Interactive infooriginally developed by Brad Fitzpatrick for LiveJournalMicrosoftStardog-UnionOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release20122003201920101998
Current release3.1.3, April 20221.6.27, May 2024cloud service with continuous releases7.3.0, May 202011 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoBSD licensecommercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentscommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaCJava
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesno infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesnoall fields are automatically indexedyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serveryes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Proprietary protocolMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesC++
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
C
C++
ColdFusion
Erlang
Java
Lisp
Lua
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in JavaPL/SQL
Triggersnonoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes infovia event handlersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factornone infoRepcached, a Memcached patch, provides this functionallityyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication in HA-ClusterMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency in HA-ClusterImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes inforelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanononoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesnoyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and rolesyes infousing SASL (Simple Authentication and Security Layer) protocolAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAccess rights for users and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
HiveMemcachedMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerStardogTimesTen
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