DBMS > Hive vs. LevelDB vs. MySQL vs. Postgres-XL vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Hive vs. LevelDB vs. MySQL vs. Postgres-XL vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on Hadoop

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Widely used open source RDBMS

Based on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	61.17
Rank	#18	Overall
	#12	Relational DBMS

Score	2.35
Rank	#111	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	1083.74
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Score	0.49
Rank	#256	Overall
	#117	Relational DBMS

Score	18.96
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Website

hive.apache.org

github.com/google/leveldb

www.mysql.com

www.postgres-xl.org

spark.apache.org/sql

Technical documentation

cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/Home

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

dev.mysql.com/doc

www.postgres-xl.org/documentation

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

initially developed by Facebook

Google

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

2012

2011

1995

2014

since 2012, originally named StormDB

2014

Current release

3.1.3, April 2022

1.23, February 2021

8.4.0, April 2024

10 R1, October 2018

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

Open Source

Mozilla public license

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Aiven for MySQL: Fully managed MySQL, deployable in the cloud of your choice, with seamless integrations and lightning-fast setup.

Implementation language

Java

C++

C and C++

Scala

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
macOS

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

XML type, but no XML query functionality

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

distributed, parallel query execution

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C++
Java
PHP
Python

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

Java
Python
R
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

proprietary syntax

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

horizontal partitioning

yes, utilizing Spark Core

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

none

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID

MVCC

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.