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DBMS > Hive vs. Kinetica vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NebulaGraph vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison Hive vs. Kinetica vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NebulaGraph vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameHive  Xexclude from comparisonKinetica  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
Descriptiondata warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopFully vectorized database across both GPUs and CPUsFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedGraph DBMSRDF store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score61.17
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score0.64
Rank#236  Overall
#109  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score2.14
Rank#120  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitehive.apache.orgwww.kinetica.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorergithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
rdf4j.org
Technical documentationcwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homedocs.kinetica.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.nebula-graph.iordf4j.org/­documentation
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookKineticaMicrosoftVesoft Inc.Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release20122012201920192004
Current release3.1.3, April 20227.1, August 2021cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC, C++C++Java
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinuxhostedLinuxLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)Strong typed schemayes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like DML and DDL statementsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query languageno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Thrift
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languagesC++
Java
PHP
Python
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functionsyes
Triggersnoyes infotriggers when inserted values for one or more columns fall within a specified rangeyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Causal Clustering using Raft protocolnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanononoACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infousing RocksDByes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infoGPU vRAM or System RAMnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and rolesAccess rights for users and roles on table levelAzure Active Directory AuthenticationRole-based access controlno
More information provided by the system vendor
HiveKineticaMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerNebulaGraphRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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HiveKineticaMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerNebulaGraphRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
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