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DBMS > Hive vs. Ingres vs. Neo4j vs. RDFox vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Hive vs. Ingres vs. Neo4j vs. RDFox vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameHive  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonRDFox  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
Descriptiondata warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopWell established RDBMSScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsHigh performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engineEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score59.76
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#82  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score44.89
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#300  Overall
#24  Graph DBMS
#13  RDF stores
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitehive.apache.orgwww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresneo4j.comwww.oxfordsemantic.techwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationcwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homedocs.actian.com/­ingresneo4j.com/­docsdocs.oxfordsemantic.techdocs.stardog.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookActian CorporationNeo4j, Inc.Oxford Semantic TechnologiesStardog-Union
Initial release20121974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s200720172010
Current release3.1.3, April 202211.2, May 20225.20, May 20246.0, Septermber 20227.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availablecommercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJavaCJava, ScalaC++Java
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-free and schema-optionalyes infoRDF schemasschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableno infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesnonoYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Thrift
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC++
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
Java
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersnoyesyes infovia event handleryes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslyyes using Neo4j Fabricnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorIngres ReplicatorCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyreplication via a shared file systemMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setupsImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyes infoRelationships in graphsyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoMVCCyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Roles, resources, and access typesAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
HiveIngresNeo4jRDFoxStardog
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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