DBMS > Hive vs. Ingres vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Yaacomo

System Properties Comparison Hive vs. Ingres vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Yaacomo

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Yaacomo seems to be discontinued and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking

Description

data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on Hadoop

Well established RDBMS

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

OpenCL based in-memory RDBMS, designed for efficiently utilizing the hardware via parallel computing

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	59.76
Rank	#18	Overall
	#12	Relational DBMS

Score	3.80
Rank	#82	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	2.25
Rank	#115	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	27.71
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Website

hive.apache.org

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

github.com/google/leveldb

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

yaacomo.com

Technical documentation

cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/Home

docs.actian.com/ingres

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

initially developed by Facebook

Actian Corporation

Google

Microsoft

Q2WEB GmbH

Initial release

2012

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

2011

2014

2009

Current release

3.1.3, April 2022

11.2, May 2022

1.23, February 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

Open Source

BSD

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

Android
Linux
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C++
Java
PHP
Python

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

JavaScript

Triggers

yes

JavaScript

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Ingres Replicator

none

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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