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DBMS > etcd vs. Hive vs. Immudb vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NuoDB

System Properties Comparison etcd vs. Hive vs. Immudb vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NuoDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Nameetcd  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed reliable key-value storedata warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactions
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score7.03
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score59.76
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score0.31
Rank#295  Overall
#42  Key-value stores
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.94
Rank#197  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Websiteetcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
hive.apache.orggithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
azure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-database
Technical documentationetcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
cwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homedocs.immudb.iodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdoc.nuodb.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookCodenotaryMicrosoftDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.
Initial release2012202020192013
Current release3.4, August 20193.1.3, April 20221.2.3, April 2022cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercial infolimited edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoJavaGoC++
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
All OS with a Java VMBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
hostedhosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesnoyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like syntaxKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC
JSON over HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
C++
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RJava, SQL
Triggersyes, watching key changesnonoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicedata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/written
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.selectable replication factoryes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes infoManaged transparently by NuoDB
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDnoACID infotunable commit protocol
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infoMVCC
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes infoTemporary table
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and rolesAzure Active Directory AuthenticationStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Users

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More resources
etcdHiveImmudbMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerNuoDB
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