DBMS > gStore vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison gStore vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Stardog

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name	gStore  Xexclude from comparison	Hawkular Metrics  Xexclude from comparison	Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics previously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparison	Stardog  Xexclude from comparison
Description	A native Graph DBMS to store and maintain very large RDF datasets.	Hawkular metrics is the metric storage of the Red Hat sponsored Hawkular monitoring system. It is based on Cassandra.	Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server	Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database model	Graph DBMS RDF store	Time Series DBMS	Relational DBMS	Graph DBMS RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems Trend Chart	Score 0.14 Rank #342   Overall #34   Graph DBMS #16   RDF stores	Score 0.08 Rank #366   Overall #39   Time Series DBMS	Score 19.93 Rank #31   Overall #19   Relational DBMS	Score 2.07 Rank #122   Overall #11   Graph DBMS #6   RDF stores
Website	en.gstore.cn	www.hawkular.org	azure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analytics	www.stardog.com
Technical documentation	en.gstore.cn/­#/­enDocs	www.hawkular.org/­hawkular-metrics/­docs/­user-guide	docs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics	docs.stardog.com
Developer		Community supported by Red Hat	Microsoft	Stardog-Union
Initial release	2016	2014	2016	2010
Current release	1.2, November 2023			7.3.0, May 2020
License Commercial or Open Source	Open Source BSD	Open Source Apache 2.0	commercial	commercial 60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service	no	no	yes	no
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) Database as a Service Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation language	C++	Java	C++	Java
Server operating systems	Linux	Linux OS X Windows	hosted	Linux macOS Windows
Data scheme	schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support	schema-free	yes	schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing predefined data types such as float or date	yes	yes	yes	yes
XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.	no	no	no	no Import/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexes		no	yes	yes supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL Support of SQL	no	no	yes	Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methods	HTTP API SPARQL 1.1	HTTP REST	ADO.NET JDBC ODBC	GraphQL query language HTTP API Jena RDF API OWL RDF4J API Sesame REST HTTP Protocol SNARL SPARQL Spring Data Stardog Studio TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languages	C++ Java JavaScript (Node.js) PHP Python	Go Java Python Ruby	C# Java PHP	.Net Clojure Groovy Java JavaScript Python Ruby
Server-side scripts Stored procedures	yes	no	Transact SQL	user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggers		yes via Hawkular Alerting	no	yes via event handlers
Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes		Sharding based on Cassandra	Sharding, horizontal partitioning	none
Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes		selectable replication factor based on Cassandra	yes	Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods	no	no	no	no
Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system		Eventual Consistency based on Cassandra Immediate Consistency based on Cassandra	Immediate Consistency	Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys Referential integrity		no	no docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints	yes relationships in graphs
Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data	yes	no	ACID	ACID
Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data	yes	yes	yes	yes
Durability Support for making data persistent	yes	yes	yes	yes
In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.	no	no		yes
User concepts Access control	Users, roles and permissions, Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) supported	no	yes	Access rights for users and roles
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More resources
	gStore	Hawkular Metrics	Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics previously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse	Stardog
Recent citations in the news		Waiting for Red Hat OpenShift 4.0? Too late, 4.1 has already arrived… • DEVCLASS 5 June 2019, DevClass provided by Google News	General Available: Azure Synapse Runtime for Apache Spark 3.4 is now GA | Azure updates 8 April 2024, Microsoft Azure Synapse Runtime for Apache Spark 3.2 End of Support | Azure updates 22 March 2024, Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics: Everything you need to know about Microsoft's cloud analytics platform 24 September 2023, DataScientest Migrate Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics to Amazon Redshift using AWS SCT | Amazon Web Services 18 October 2023, AWS Blog Azure Synapse vs. Databricks: Data Platform Comparison 2024 26 March 2024, eWeek provided by Google News

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