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DBMS > HarperDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Spark SQL vs. TerarkDB

System Properties Comparison HarperDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Spark SQL vs. TerarkDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameHarperDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonTerarkDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionUltra-low latency distributed database with an intuitive REST API supporting NoSQL and SQL (including joins). Deployment of functions and databases simultaneously with a consolidated node-level architecture.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformWidely used in-process key-value storeSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingA key-value store forked from RocksDB with advanced compression algorithms. It can be used standalone or as a storage engine for MySQL and MongoDB
Primary database modelDocument storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Relational DBMSKey-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.55
Rank#248  Overall
#38  Document stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#60  Key-value stores
Websitewww.harperdb.ioazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlspark.apache.org/­sqlgithub.com/­bytedance/­terarkdb
Technical documentationdocs.harperdb.io/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmlspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmlbytedance.larkoffice.com/­docs/­doccnZmYFqHBm06BbvYgjsHHcKc
DeveloperHarperDBMicrosoftOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OracleApache Software FoundationByteDance, originally Terark
Initial release20172019199420142016
Current release3.1, August 2021cloud service with continuous releases18.1.40, May 20203.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infofree community edition availablecommercialOpen Source infocommercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial inforestricted open source version available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageNode.jsC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)ScalaC++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
hostedAIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemedynamic schemaFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infoJSON data typesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesnoyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionnono
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesnono
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like data manipulation statementsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableSQL-like DML and DDL statementsno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
C++ API
Java API
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Java
Python
R
Scala
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresCustom Functions infosince release 3.1Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnonono
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes infoonly for the SQL APInono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesA table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a clusterSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenoneyes, utilizing Spark Corenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infothe nodes on which a table resides can be definedyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replicationnonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataAtomic execution of specific operationsnoACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes, using LMDByesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and rolesAzure Active Directory Authenticationnonono

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More resources
HarperDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerOracle Berkeley DBSpark SQLTerarkDB
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