DBMS > HBase vs. RDF4J vs. SQL.JS vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison HBase vs. RDF4J vs. SQL.JS vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTable

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Port of SQLite to JavaScript

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	30.50
Rank	#26	Overall
	#2	Wide column stores

Score	0.69
Rank	#230	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	0.53
Rank	#252	Overall
	#116	Relational DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#343	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

hbase.apache.org

rdf4j.org

sql.js.org

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

hbase.apache.org/book.html

rdf4j.org/documentation

sql.js.org/documentation/index.html

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Powerset

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Alon Zakai

enhancements implemented by others

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2008

2004

2012

2019

Current release

2.3.4, January 2021

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

JavaScript

Clojure

Server operating systems

Linux
Unix
Windows

using Cygwin

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

schema-free, schema definition possible

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

options to bring your own types, AVRO

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

JavaScript API

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

Java
PHP
Python

JavaScript

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Coprocessors in Java

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Single row ACID (across millions of columns)

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

except by serializing a db to a file

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

Cloudera's HBase PaaS offering now supports Complex Transactions
11 August 2021, Krishna Maheshwari (sponsor)

Why is Hadoop not listed in the DB-Engines Ranking?
13 May 2013, Paul Andlinger

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New kids on the block: database management systems implemented in JavaScript
1 December 2014, Matthias Gelbmann

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